Lambing
The process of an ewe giving birth, known as “lambing,” involves several stages that prepare the ewe and her lamb(s) for delivery.
Here’s a detailed breakdown of the lambing process:
Pre-Lambing Signs
Ewes show signs that indicate labour is approaching, typically within a few days or hours before lambing.
These include:
- Udder Development: The udder becomes enlarged and may begin to produce colostrum (the first milk).
- Swelling of the Vulva: The ewe’s vulva becomes swollen and pinkish in colour.
- Restlessness: The ewe may separate from the flock, paw the ground, and seem restless or uncomfortable.
- Mucous Discharge: A clear or cloudy discharge from the vulva may appear as the cervix begins to dilate.
Early Labour (Dilation)
- Cervical Dilation: The cervix begins to open in preparation for the lamb’s passage. This phase can last for several hours.
- Behaviour Changes: The ewe may lie down and stand up repeatedly, showing signs of discomfort. She may also lick at her sides or become more vocal.
Active Labour
- Contractions: The ewe experiences strong uterine contractions that help move the lamb into the birth canal.
- Water Bag: The amniotic sac (water bag) may become visible at the ewe’s vulva. It usually breaks shortly before the lamb is born, releasing fluid.
Delivery of the Lamb
- Positioning: The ideal lambing position is head first with both front legs extended, sometimes referred to as a “diving” position. However, lambs can be born in other positions, which may require assistance.
- Expulsion: With each contraction, the lamb moves further down the birth canal. The ewe will often lie on her side as she pushes.
- Birth: The lamb is born, typically head and forelegs first. The ewe may lick the lamb to clean it and stimulate breathing.
Post-Delivery (Afterbirth)
- Cleaning the Lamb: The ewe will continue licking the lamb, which helps to clean off the amniotic fluids and stimulate circulation.
- Bonding: The ewe and lamb bond, and the lamb instinctively begins to search for the udder for colostrum.
- Afterbirth (Placenta): The placenta is usually expelled within a few hours of delivery. It’s important to ensure the entire placenta is expelled to avoid infection.
The care of the ewe and lamb will be explained in the next chapter.